Integrated tag reader and environment sensor

ABSTRACT

A combined sensing and reading apparatus. The apparatus includes a tag reader and an environment sensor integrated with the tag reader. A battery maintenance tool that includes a tag reader and an environment sensor integrated with the tag reader is also provided. Examples of a battery maintenance tool include a battery tester and a battery charger.

The present application is a Continuation-In-Part of and claims priority of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/207,419, filed Aug. 19, 2005 now abandoned, which is based on and claims the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/603,078, filed Aug. 20, 2004, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

Reference is made to co-pending and commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/416,457, filed Apr. 1, 2009, entitled “SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATICALLY GATHERING BATTERY INFORMATION,” and to co-pending and commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/416,445, filed Apr. 1, 2009, entitled “SIMPLIFICATION OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT,” the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to storage batteries. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system for automatically gathering battery information for use during battery testing/charging.

Storage batteries, such as lead acid storage batteries, are used in a variety of applications such as automotive vehicles and stand by power sources. Typically, storage batteries consist of a plurality of individual storage cells which are electrically connected in series. Each cell can have a voltage potential of about 2.1 volts, for example. By connecting the cells in series, the voltages of individual cells are added in a cumulative manner. For example, in a typical automotive battery, six storage cells are used to provide a total voltage of 12.6 volts. The individual cells are held in a housing and the entire assembly is commonly referred to as the “battery.”

It is frequently desirable to ascertain the condition of a storage battery. Various testing techniques have been developed over the long history of storage batteries. For example, one technique involves the use of a hygrometer in which the specific gravity of the acid mixture in the battery is measured. Electrical testing has also been used to provide less invasive battery testing techniques. A very simple electrical test is to simply measure the voltage across the battery. If the voltage is below a certain threshold, the battery is determined to be bad. Another technique for testing a battery is referred to as a load test. In the load test, the battery is discharged using a known load. As the battery is discharged, the voltage across the battery is monitored and used to determine the condition of the battery. More recently, a technique has been pioneered by Dr. Keith S. Champlin and Midtronics, Inc. of Willowbrook, Ill. for testing storage batteries by measuring a dynamic parameter of the battery such as the dynamic conductance of the battery. This technique is described in a number of United States patents and United States patent applications, for example U.S. Pat. No. 3,873,911, issued Mar. 25, 1975, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE; U.S. Pat. No. 3,909,708, issued Sep. 30, 1975, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE; U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,768, issued Mar. 28, 1989, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE; U.S. Pat. No. 4,825,170, issued Apr. 25, 1989, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE WITH AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE SCALING; U.S. Pat. No. 4,881,038, issued Nov. 14, 1989, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE WITH AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE SCALING TO DETERMINE DYNAMIC CONDUCTANCE; U.S. Pat. No. 4,912,416, issued Mar. 27, 1990, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE WITH STATE-OF-CHARGE COMPENSATION; U.S. Pat. No. 5,140,269, issued Aug. 18, 1992, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC TESTER FOR ASSESSING BATTERY/CELL CAPACITY; U.S. Pat. No. 5,343,380, issued Aug. 30, 1994, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SUPPRESSING TIME-VARYING SIGNALS IN BATTERIES UNDERGOING CHARGING OR DISCHARGING; U.S. Pat. No. 5,572,136, issued Nov. 5, 1996, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER DEVICE; U.S. Pat. No. 5,574,355, issued Nov. 12, 1996, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTION AND CONTROL OF THERMAL RUNAWAY IN A BATTERY UNDER CHARGE; U.S. Pat. No. 5,585,416, issued Dec. 10, 1996, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR STEP-CHARGING BATTERIES TO OPTIMIZE CHARGE ACCEPTANCE; U.S. Pat. No. 5,585,728, issued Dec. 17, 1996, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH AUTOMATIC COMPENSATION FOR LOW STATE-OF-CHARGE; U.S. Pat. No. 5,589,757, issued Dec. 31, 1996, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR STEP-CHARGING BATTERIES TO OPTIMIZE CHARGE ACCEPTANCE; U.S. Pat. No. 5,592,093, issued Jan. 7, 1997, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE LOOSE TERMINAL CONNECTION DETECTION VIA A COMPARISON CIRCUIT; U.S. Pat. No. 5,598,098, issued Jan. 28, 1997, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH VERY HIGH NOISE IMMUNITY; U.S. Pat. No. 5,656,920, issued Aug. 12, 1997, entitled METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING THE CHARGING LEAD-ACID BATTERIES AND AN INTERACTIVE CHARGER; U.S. Pat. No. 5,757,192, issued May 26, 1998, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING A BAD CELL IN A STORAGE BATTERY; U.S. Pat. No. 5,821,756, issued Oct. 13, 1998, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH TAILORED COMPENSATION FOR LOW STATE-OF CHARGE; U.S. Pat. No. 5,831,435, issued Nov. 3, 1998, entitled BATTERY TESTER FOR JIS STANDARD; U.S. Pat. No. 5,871,858, issued Feb. 16, 1999, entitled ANTI-THEFT BATTERY; U.S. Pat. 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No. 6,744,149, issued Jun. 1, 2004, entitled SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING STEP-DOWN POWER CONVERSION USING AN INTELLIGENT SWITCH; U.S. Pat. No. 6,759,849, issued Jul. 6, 2004, entitled BATTERY TESTER CONFIGURED TO RECEIVE A REMOVABLE DIGITAL MODULE; U.S. Pat. No. 6,781,382, issued Aug. 24, 2004, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Pat. No. 6,788,025, filed Sep. 7, 2004, entitled BATTERY CHARGER WITH BOOSTER PACK; U.S. Pat. No. 6,795,782, issued Sep. 21, 2004, entitled BATTERY TEST MODULE; U.S. Pat. No. 6,805,090, filed Oct. 19, 2004, entitled CHARGE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A VEHICLE BATTERY; U.S. Pat. No. 6,806,716, filed Oct. 19, 2004, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Pat. No. 6,850,037, filed Feb. 1, 2005, entitled IN-VEHICLE BATTERY MONITORING; U.S. Ser. No. 09/780,146, filed Feb. 9, 2001, entitled STORAGE BATTERY WITH INTEGRAL BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 09/756,638, filed Jan. 8, 2001, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING BATTERY PROPERTIES FROM COMPLEX IMPEDANCE/ADMITTANCE; U.S. Ser. No. 09/862,783, filed May 21, 2001, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TESTING CELLS AND BATTERIES EMBEDDED IN SERIES/PARALLEL SYSTEMS; U.S. Ser. No. 09/880,473, filed Jun. 13, 2001; entitled BATTERY TEST MODULE; U.S. Ser. No. 60/348,479, filed Oct. 29, 2001, entitled CONCEPT FOR TESTING HIGH POWER VRLA BATTERIES; U.S. Ser. No. 10/046,659, filed Oct. 29, 2001, entitled ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE; U.S. Ser. No. 09/993,468, filed Nov. 14, 2001, entitled KELVIN CONNECTOR FOR A BATTERY POST; U.S. Ser. No. 10/042,451, filed Jan. 8, 2002, entitled BATTERY CHARGE CONTROL DEVICE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/093,853, filed Mar. 7, 2002, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH NETWORK COMMUNICATION; U.S. Ser. No. 10/098,741, filed Mar. 14, 2002, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUDITING A BATTERY TEST; U.S. Ser. No. 10/112,114, filed Mar. 28, 2002, entitled BOOSTER PACK WITH STORAGE CAPACITOR; U.S. Ser. No. 10/109,734, filed Mar. 28, 2002, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR COUNTERACTING SELF DISCHARGE IN A STORAGE BATTERY; U.S. Ser. No. 10/112,998, filed Mar. 29, 2002, entitled BATTERY TESTER WITH BATTERY REPLACEMENT OUTPUT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/119,297, filed Apr. 9, 2002, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TESTING CELLS AND BATTERIES EMBEDDED IN SERIES/PARALLEL SYSTEMS; U.S. Ser. No. 60/387,046, filed Jun. 7, 2002, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INCREASING THE LIFE OF A STORAGE BATTERY; U.S. Ser. No. 10/200,041, filed Jul. 19, 2002, entitled AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/217,913, filed Aug. 13, 2002, entitled, BATTERY TEST MODULE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/246,439, filed Sep. 18, 2002, entitled BATTERY TESTER UPGRADE USING SOFTWARE KEY; U.S. Ser. No. 10/263,473, filed Oct. 2, 2002, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH RELATIVE TEST OUTPUT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/310,385, filed Dec. 5, 2002, entitled BATTERY TEST MODULE; U.S. Ser. No. 60/437,224, filed Dec. 31, 2002, entitled DISCHARGE VOLTAGE PREDICTIONS; U.S. Ser. No. 10/349,053, filed Jan. 22, 2003, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROTECTING A BATTERY FROM OVERDISCHARGE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/388,855, filed Mar. 14, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH BATTERY FAILURE TEMPERATURE DETERMINATION; U.S. Ser. No. 10/396,550, filed Mar. 25, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 60/467,872, filed May 5, 2003, entitled METHOD FOR DETERMINING BATTERY STATE OF CHARGE; U.S. Ser. No. 60/477,082, filed Jun. 9, 2003, entitled ALTERNATOR TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/460,749, filed Jun. 12, 2003, entitled MODULAR BATTERY TESTER FOR SCAN TOOL; U.S. Ser. No. 10/462,323, filed Jun. 16, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER HAVING A USER INTERFACE TO CONFIGURE A PRINTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/601,608, filed Jun. 23, 2003, entitled CABLE FOR ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/601,432, filed Jun. 23, 2003, entitled BATTERY TESTER CABLE WITH MEMORY; U.S. Ser. No. 60/490,153, filed Jul. 25, 2003, entitled SHUNT CONNECTION TO A PCB FOR AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM EMPLOYED IN AN AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/653,342, filed Sep. 2, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER CONFIGURED TO PREDICT A LOAD TEST RESULT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/654,098, filed Sep. 3, 2003, entitled BATTERY TEST OUTPUTS ADJUSTED BASED UPON BATTERY TEMPERATURE AND THE STATE OF DISCHARGE OF THE BATTERY; U.S. Ser. No. 10/656,526, filed Sep. 5, 2003, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING A PARAMETER OF A VEHICLE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM; U.S. Ser. No. 10/656,538, filed Sep. 5, 2003, entitled ALTERNATOR TESTER WITH ENCODED OUTPUT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/675,933, filed Sep. 30, 2003, entitled QUERY BASED ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/678,629, filed Oct. 3, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER/CHARGER WITH INTEGRATED BATTERY CELL TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT DEVICE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/441,271, filed May 19, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 09/653,963, filed Sep. 1, 2000, entitled SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING POWER GENERATION AND STORAGE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/174,110, filed Jun. 18, 2002, entitled DAYTIME RUNNING LIGHT CONTROL USING AN INTELLIGENT POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM; U.S. Ser. No. 60/488,775, filed Jul. 21, 2003, entitled ULTRASONICALLY ASSISTED CHARGING; U.S. Ser. No. 10/258,441, filed Apr. 9, 2003, entitled CURRENT MEASURING CIRCUIT SUITED FOR BATTERIES; U.S. Ser. No. 10/705,020, filed Nov. 11, 2003, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SIMULATING A BATTERY TESTER WITH A FIXED RESISTANCE LOAD; U.S. Ser. No. 10/681,666, filed Oct. 8, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH PROBE LIGHT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/748,792, filed Dec. 30, 2003, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PREDICTING THE REMAINING DISCHARGE TIME OF A BATTERY; U.S. Ser. No. 10/783,682, filed Feb. 20, 2004, entitled REPLACEABLE CLAMP FOR ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 60/548,513, filed Feb. 27, 2004, entitled WIRELESS BATTERY MONITOR; U.S. Ser. No. 10/791,141, filed Mar. 2, 2004, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUDITING A BATTERY TEST; U.S. Ser. No. 60/557,366, filed Mar. 29, 2004, entitled BATTERY MONITORING SYSTEM WITHOUT CURRENT MEASUREMENT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/823,140, filed Apr. 13, 2004, entitled THEFT PREVENTION DEVICE FOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE SERVICE CENTERS; U.S. Ser. No. 60/575,945, filed Jun. 1, 2004, entitled BATTERY TESTER CAPABLE OF IDENTIFYING FAULTY BATTERY POST ADAPTERS; U.S. Ser. No. 60/577,345, filed Jun. 4, 2004, entitled NEW METHOD FOR AUTOMATICALLY TESTING A BATTERY AND TRANSMITTING DATA TO ANOTHER MODULE IN A VEHICLE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/864,904, filed Jun. 9, 2004, entitled ALTERNATOR TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/867,385, filed Jun. 14, 2004, entitled ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/870,680, filed Jun. 17, 2004, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH RELATIVE TEST OUTPUT; U.S. Ser. No. 60/582,925, filed Jun. 25, 2004, entitled BATTERY TESTER WITH BATTERY POTENTIAL FOR RECOVERY OUTPUT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/883,019, filed Jul. 1, 2004, entitled MODULAR ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 60/585,700, filed Jul. 6, 2004, entitled TEST STATION; U.S. Ser. No. 60/587,232, filed Jul. 12, 2004, entitled WIRELESS BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/896,835, filed Jul. 22, 2004, entitled BROAD-BAND LOW-INDUCTANCE CABLES FOR MAKING KELVIN CONNECTIONS TO ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS AND BATTERIES; U.S. Ser. No. 10/896,834, filed Jul. 22, 2004, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/897,801, filed Jul. 23, 2004, entitled SHUNT CONNECTION TO A PCB FOR AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM EMPLOYED IN AN AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/914,304, filed Aug. 9, 2004, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH NETWORK COMMUNICATION; U.S. Ser. No. 60/603,078, filed Aug. 20, 2004, entitled SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATICALLY GATHERING BATTERY INFORMATION FOR USE DURING BATTERY TESTING/CHARGING; U.S. Ser. No. 10/958,821, filed Oct. 5, 2004, entitled IN-VEHICLE BATTERY MONITOR; U.S. Ser. No. 10/958,812, filed Oct. 5, 2004, entitled SCAN TOOL FOR ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 11/008,456, filed Dec. 9, 2004, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PREDICTING BATTERY CAPACITY AND FITNESS FOR SERVICE FROM A BATTERY DYNAMIC PARAMETER AND A RECOVERY VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL, U.S. Ser. No. 60/587,232, filed Dec. 14, 2004, entitled CELLTRON ULTRA, U.S. Ser. No. 11/018,785, filed Dec. 21, 2004, entitled WIRELESS BATTERY MONITOR; U.S. Ser. No. 60/653,537, filed Feb. 16, 2005, entitled CUSTOMER MANAGED WARRANTY CODE; which are incorporated herein in their entirety.

In general, most prior art battery testers/chargers require tester/charger users to enter information related to the battery (such as battery type, battery group size, battery Cold Cranking Amp (CCA) rating, etc.) via a user input such as a keypad. Reliance on user entry of battery information may result in incorrect information being entered, which in turn can result in inaccurate battery test results or improper charging of the battery.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with one aspect, an apparatus and method for testing and/or charging a storage battery that includes a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag that can be affixed to the storage battery is provided. The RFID tag is configured to store and transmit information related to the battery. The apparatus also includes a battery tester and/or charger. The tester and/or charger includes a radio frequency (RF) receiver configured to receive the transmitted information related to the battery, and testing and/or charging circuitry configured to utilize the received information related to the battery to test and/or charge the storage battery.

In accordance with another aspect, a combined sensing and reading apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a tag reader and an environment sensor integrated with the tag reader.

In accordance with still another aspect, a battery maintenance tool that includes a tag reader and an environment sensor integrated with the tag reader is provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram showing components of a battery testing/charging system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side plan view of a storage battery including a RFID tag in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram of an example battery charging system that is capable of receiving information from the RFID tag.

FIG. 4 is a simplified block diagram of an example battery tester that is capable of receiving information from the RFID tag.

FIG. 5 is a simplified block diagram of a battery maintenance system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C are simplified block diagrams of an integrated/combined tag reader and environment sensor.

FIG. 7 is a simplified block diagram of a battery maintenance tool which includes a combined sensing and reading apparatus for reading information from a tag affixed to a storage battery.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a battery testing/charging system 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. System 100 includes a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag 102, which can be affixed to a battery (such as 200 (FIG. 2)). RFID tag 102 is configured to transmit stored battery information in the form of RF signals 106. System 100 also includes a battery tester/charger 104 having an embedded/integrated radio frequency (RF) receiver 108, which is configured to receive the transmitted battery information form RF tag 102 when battery tester/charger 104 is proximate RF tag 102. The battery information, which is automatically received by RF receiver 108, is utilized by processor 107 and measurement and/or charge signal application circuitry 109 to test/charge the battery (such as 200 (FIG. 2)). Thus, system 100 overcomes problems with prior art testers/chargers that, in general, require a tester/charger user to enter battery information with the help of a keypad, for example, during a testing/charging process. Of course, for battery information transfer to occur from RFID tag 102 to tester/charger 104, tester/charger 104 should be within a perimeter defined by RF signal 106. The perimeter is selected based upon a type of application and environment for which system 100 is required. Also, a memory size and encoding scheme for RFID tag 102 can be different for different applications. In general, system 100 allows for battery charging/testing with minimal or no user intervention, thereby substantially eliminating any inaccuracies associated with manual entry of battery information.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, RFID tag 102 includes, as it primary components, a battery information storage circuit 110 and a RF transmitter 112. In embodiments of the present invention, battery information storage circuit 110 is configured to store certain basic information regarding the battery. This information includes battery type, battery group size, cold cranking amp (CCA) rating, battery manufacture date (which could later be used for warranty processing), battery cost, etc. In addition to utilizing RFID tag 102 to store the above-noted battery information, RFID tag 102 can also be used to store tracking information, such as a battery serial number, which is useful during the manufacture of the battery, for example. Further, RFID tag 102 could also store previous test results form factory or later tests that could aid in helping to determine battery condition. Previous test information can also be used to show a customer past and present test results. Battery information and other tracking information can be conveniently encoded and RFID tags 102 can be printed on demand using a suitable printer that includes RFID tag printer/encoder programs. In some embodiments, additional information, such as the date of sale of the battery, can be subsequently encoded into RFID tag 102. In embodiments of the present invention, tag or label 102 includes a coating to dissipate static electricity that may corrupt information stored in the tag. As a battery (such a 200) is often used in a harsh and constrained environment, suitable additional protective layers may be used for coating RFID tag 102.

In some embodiments of the present invention, tag 102 also includes bar-coded battery information 114 in addition to the RFID encoded battery information. In some embodiments, the bar-coded battery information may be a copy of the RFID encoded information. In other embodiments, the bar-coded information may be different from the RFID encoded information. Of course, in such embodiments, battery tester/charger 104 includes a barcode reader 116 in addition to RF receiver 108. Tags/labels with the barcode and RFID battery information can be printed from a single printer that includes the necessary label printer/encoder programs. It should be noted that it is possible to produce bar code tags that can contain previous test information that could be useful in providing previous test result information, which could be used in combination with RFID tags, or stand alone information. Production of bar code tags that contain battery test information is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,051,976, entitled “METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUDITING A BATTERY TEST,” which is incorporated herein by reference.

In addition to helping automate the battery testing/charging process, battery information stored in RFID tag 102 has other uses such as to help determine whether or not a particular battery is too “old” to be sold. It should be noted that batteries may not be suitable for sale after the expiration of a certain period (16 months, for example). The age of the battery can easily be determined by reading the battery date of manufacture from RFID tag 102. An RFID reader that can automatically detect, identify and accept battery information form all RFID tags in its reading field is especially suitable for a retailer to rapidly identify “old” batteries. Information, such as the date of sale of the battery, included in RFID tag 102, can be used for automating warranty claims processing which is based on the battery age, date of sale, etc. Thus, RFID tag 102 is useful for battery production, storage, monitoring and tracking.

In some embodiments of the present invention, RFID tag 102 includes security circuitry 118, which may be coupled to RF transmitter 112 and may also include a receiver (not shown in FIG. 1) which is capable of receiving signals from an external transmitter (not shown in FIG. 1) that transmits security signals. Details regarding such a security system are included in U.S. Ser. No. 10/823,140, filed Apr. 13, 2004, entitled “THEFT PREVENTION DEVICE FOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE SERVICE CENTERS,” which is incorporated herein by reference. Details regarding components of battery tester/charger 104 are provided below in connection with FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram of a battery charging system 300 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. System 300 is shown coupled to battery 200. System 300 includes battery charger circuitry 310 and test circuitry 312. Battery charger circuitry 310 generally includes an alternating current (AC) source 314, a transformer 316 and a rectifier 318. System 300 couples to battery 200 through electrical connection 320 which couples to the positive battery contact 304 and electrical connection 322 which couples to the negative battery contact 306. In one preferred embodiment, a four point (or Kelvin) connection technique is used in which battery charge circuitry 310 couples to battery 300 through electrical connections 320A and 322A while battery testing circuitry 312 couples to battery 200 through electrical connections 320B and 322B.

Battery testing circuitry 312 includes voltage measurement circuitry 324 and current measurement circuitry 326 which provide outputs to microprocessor 328. Microprocessor 328 also couples to a system clock 330 and memory 332 which is used to store information and programming instructions. In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 3, microprocessor 328 also couples to RF receiver 108, user output circuitry 334, user input circuitry 336 and barcode scanner 116, which may be included in some embodiments.

Voltage measurement circuitry 324 includes capacitors 338 which couple analog to digital converter 340 to battery 200 thorough electrical connections 320B and 322B. Any type of coupling mechanism may be used for element 338 and capacitors are merely shown as one preferred embodiment. Further, the device may also couple to DC signals. Current measurement circuitry 326 includes a shunt resistor (R) 342 and coupling capacitors 344. Shunt resistor 342 is coupled in series with battery charging circuitry 310. Other current measurement techniques are within the scope of the invention including Hall-Effect sensors, magnetic or inductive coupling, etc. An analog to digital converter 346 is connected across shunt resistor 342 by capacitors 344 such that the voltage provided to analog to digital converter 346 is proportional to a current I flowing through battery 200 due to charging circuitry 310. Analog to digital converter 346 provides a digitized output representative of this current to microprocessor 328.

During operation, AC source 314 is coupled to battery 200 through transformer 316 and rectifier 318. Rectifier 318 provides half wave rectification such that current I has a non-zero DC value. Of course, full wave rectification or other AC sources may also be used. Analog to digital converter 346 provides a digitized output to microprocessor 328 which is representative of current I flowing through battery 200. Similarly, analog to digital converter 324 provides a digitized output representative of the voltage across the positive and negative terminals of battery 200. Analog to digital converters 324 and 346 are capacitively coupled to battery 200 such that they measure the AC components of the charging signal.

Microprocessor 328 determines the conductance of battery 200 based upon the digitized current and voltage information provided by analog to digital converters 346 and 324, respectively. Microprocessor 328 calculates the conductance of battery 200 as follows:

$\begin{matrix} {{Conductance} = {G = \frac{I}{V}}} & {{Eq}.\mspace{14mu} 1} \end{matrix}$ where I is the AC charging current and V is the AC charging voltage across battery 200. Note that in one preferred embodiment the Kelvin connections allow more accurate voltage determination because these connections do not carry substantial current to cause a resultant drop in the voltage measured.

The battery conductance is used to monitor charging of battery 200. Specifically, it has been discovered that as a battery is charged the conductance of the battery rises which can be used as feedback to the charger. This rise in conductance can be monitored in microprocessor 328 to determine when the battery has been fully charged.

In accordance with the present invention, as described above, RF receiver 108 and/or barcode scanner 116 are included to substantially eliminate the need for user entry of the necessary battery information.

FIG. 4 is a simplified block diagram of a battery testing system 400 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. System 400 is shown coupled to battery 200. System 400 includes battery testing circuitry 404 and microprocessor 406. System 400 couples to battery contacts 408 and 410 through electrical connections 412 and 414, respectively. In one preferred embodiment, a four point (or Kelvin) connection technique is used. Here, electrical connection 412 includes a first connection 412A and second connection 412B and connection 414 includes a first connection 414A and a second connection 414B. As in the case of battery charging system 300 (FIG. 3), battery testing system 400 also includes RF receiver 108 and barcode scanner 116 to substantially eliminate the need for user entry of the necessary battery information. Battery tester 400 utilizes received battery information to determine a condition of storage battery 200. A description of example components which can be employed to form battery testing circuitry 404 is set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,650, issued Nov. 27, 2001, and entitled “ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER,” which is incorporated herein by reference.

The above-described invention can be employed in either portable or “bench” (non-portable) battery charging and testing systems, and other similar applications such as starter and alternator testing systems. Although the example embodiments described above relate to wireless communication (or transfer of battery information) using RF signals, other wireless communication techniques (for example, diffused infrared signals) that are known in the industry or are developed in the future may be employed without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. A general embodiment of a tag (which can be affixed to a storage battery) that can wirelessly transmit information to, or receive information from, a battery maintenance tool (tester, charger, etc.) is shown in FIG. 5. Tag 502 includes information circuitry 110 similar to that described in FIG. 1 and a transceiver 504 for communicating with maintenance tool 506, which also includes a transceiver 508. Different embodiments of tag 502 and maintenance tool 506 can use different wireless communication techniques.

In some of the above embodiments, tag readers that read RFID tag information, barcode information, etc., have to be brought in close proximity to a tag affixed to an item in order to properly or successfully read information from the tag affixed to the item. In such embodiments, while a user is employing the reader to read information from the tag, measurements related to the state of the item, including its immediate surrounding environment, can substantially simultaneously be obtained. Examples of advantages of carrying out other measurements while a tag is being read are included below.

While carrying out a battery test, for example, in order to obtain accurate battery test results, it is important for a battery tester user to position a battery tester temperature sensor close to the battery and properly directed at the battery, or to bring the sensor into contact with the battery. Improper positioning the temperature sensor can result in inaccurate temperature readings and therefore inaccurate test results. In the above-described battery tester embodiments, battery information from an RFID tag affixed to the battery is used by a battery tester to automatically obtain battery ratings, etc., to carry out a battery test. In such embodiments, while a tag affixed to the battery is being read by positioning the tag reader close to the tag, the battery temperature can simultaneously be read if the battery tester temperature sensor is integrated/combined with the tag reader. This eliminates a separate step of taking the battery temperature. Further, this eliminates the variability of where the tester user is pointing the temperature sensor because, as indicated above, in order to read the RFID tag, the user is forced to position the reader at a specific position on the battery, and to target and push a button, for example. In general, such an embodiment makes the temperature test simpler and more accurate.

FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C are simplified block diagrams of an integrated/combined tag reader and environment sensor. Each of FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C shows a tag reader 606 and an environment sensor 608 with a holding feature that maintains the tag reader and the environment sensor in an integrated configuration. In FIG. 6A, the combined sensing and reading apparatus 600 includes a holding feature that is a common housing 610 that encloses both the tag reader 606 and the environment sensor 608. In FIG. 6B, apparatus 602 includes one or more bands 612 that constitute the holding feature. In apparatus 604 of FIG. 6C, the tag reader 606 and the environment sensor 608 are coupled together by a connector 614, which constitutes the holding feature. Connector 614 can be any suitable fastener or other suitable connection device. In general, the holding feature can be any element that is capable of maintaining the tag reader 606 and environment sensor 608 in an integrated configuration. As can be seen in FIG. 6C, combined sensing and reading apparatus 604 can include a common activation mechanism 616 (for example, a single push button) for both tag reader 606 and environment sensor 608 and/or separate activation mechanisms 618 and 620 for tag reader 606 and environment sensor 608, respectively. In the interest of simplification, power supplies and/or power supply circuitry are not shown in FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C. In general, tag reader 606 and environment sensor 608 can each have separate power supplies or have a common power supply or even receive power via another device or devices to which they may be connected. In different embodiments, the tag reader 606 can be an RFID tag reader, a barcode reader or even a combination of different readers. In certain embodiments, the environment sensor 608 is a temperature sensor. In some embodiments, the temperature sensor is a non-contact temperature sensor. An example of a non-contact temperature sensor is an infrared temperature sensor. In other embodiments, the temperature sensor may be a contact type temperature sensor. In some embodiments, the environment sensor can comprise, for example, a hazardous gas sensor, a combustible gas sensor or a multigas sensor adapted to sense a plurality of combustible and toxic gases.

FIG. 7 is a simplified block diagram of a battery maintenance tool 700 (battery tester, battery charger, etc.) which includes a combined sensing and reading apparatus (such as 600, 602, 604) for reading information from a tag 704 affixed to a storage battery 702. In one embodiment, environment sensor 608 is a temperature sensor. As indicated above, in such an embodiment, while tag 704 is being read by positioning the tag reader 606 close to, or in contact with, the tag, the battery temperature can simultaneously be read by the integrated temperature sensor. As noted above, this eliminates a separate step of taking the battery temperature and further eliminates any variability in where the user points the temperature sensor. As indicated above, the environment sensor of FIG. 7 can also comprise, for example, a hazardous gas sensor, a combustible gas sensor or a multigas sensor adapted to sense a plurality of combustible and toxic gases.

In some embodiments, battery maintenance tool 700 couples to battery contacts 706 and 708 through electrical connections 710 and 712, respectively. In one embodiment, a four point (or Kelvin) connection technique is used. Here, electrical connection 710 includes a first connection 710A and second connection 710B and connection 712 includes a first connection 712A and a second connection 712B. In one embodiment, the combined sensing and reading apparatus (such as 600, 602, 604) receives power via the Kelvin connectors of the battery maintenance tool. Details regarding components of battery maintenance tools such as battery testers and battery chargers are provided above in connection with FIGS. 1 through 5.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It should be noted that a tag reader can be any type of tag reader and is not limited to the examples of tag readers provided above. Also, the environment sensor can be any type of environment sensor and is not limited to the examples for environment sensors provided above. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A combined sensing and reading apparatus comprising: a tag reader configured to read a tag affixed to a battery; and an environment sensor integrated with the tag reader to form a physically independent integrated unit, wherein the integrated unit is freely positionable relative to the battery with the affixed tag, and wherein the tag reader of the integrated unit is configured to read the tag affixed to the battery independently of any predetermined fixed positional relationship between the battery with the affixed tag and the tag reader, and wherein the environment sensor of the integrated unit is configured to measure a condition of an environment of the battery independently of any predetermined fixed positional relationship between the battery and the environment sensor, and wherein the tag reader of the integrated unit is configured to read the tag affixed to the battery, and the environment sensor of the integrated unit is configured to measure a condition of an environment of the battery, when the integrated unit and any housing including the integrated unit are physically unattached to the battery.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1 and further comprising a holding feature that maintains the tag reader and the environment sensor in an integrated configuration.
 3. The apparatus of claim 2 and wherein the holding feature comprises a connector between the tag reader and the environment sensor.
 4. The apparatus of claim 2 and wherein the holding feature comprises at least one band that encircles the tag reader and the environment sensor.
 5. The apparatus of claim 2 and wherein the holding feature comprises a common housing that encloses both the tag reader and the environment sensor.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1 and wherein the tag reader is a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag reader.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1 and wherein the tag reader is a barcode reader.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1 and further comprising a common activation mechanism configured to substantially simultaneously activate both the tag reader and the environment sensor.
 9. The apparatus of claim 8 and wherein the common activation mechanism is a push button configured to substantially simultaneously activate both the tag reader and the environment sensor.
 10. The apparatus of claim 1 and wherein the environment sensor is a temperature sensor.
 11. The apparatus of claim 10 and wherein the temperature sensor is a non-contact temperature sensor.
 12. The apparatus of claim 11 and wherein the non-contact temperature sensor is an infrared temperature sensor.
 13. A battery maintenance tool comprising the apparatus of claim
 1. 14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the battery maintenance tool is a portable battery tester.
 15. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the battery maintenance tool is a battery charger.
 16. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the tag reader and the environment sensor receive power via Kelvin connectors of the battery maintenance tool.
 17. A method of reading information from a tag affixed to a battery and for obtaining measurement data for the battery, the method comprising: providing a tag reader that is configured to read information from the tag; and integrating an environment sensor with the tag reader to form a physically independent integrated unit, wherein the integrated unit is freely positionable relative to the battery with the affixed tag, and wherein the tag reader of the integrated unit is configured to read the tag affixed to the battery independently of any predetermined fixed positional relationship between the battery with the affixed tag and the tag reader, and wherein the environment sensor of the integrated unit is configured to measure a condition of an environment of the battery independently of any predetermined fixed positional relationship between the battery and the environment sensor, and wherein the tag reader of the integrated unit is configured to read the tag affixed to the battery, and the environment sensor of the integrated unit is configured to measure a condition of an environment of the battery, when the integrated unit and any housing including the integrated unit are physically unattached to the battery.
 18. The method of claim 17 wherein the environment sensor is a temperature sensor.
 19. The method of claim 18 and wherein the temperature sensor is a non-contact temperature sensor. 